diff --git a/schemars_derive/src/attr/mod.rs b/schemars_derive/src/attr/mod.rs
index 10ed772..93f76c5 100644
--- a/schemars_derive/src/attr/mod.rs
+++ b/schemars_derive/src/attr/mod.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ mod validation;
 pub use schemars_to_serde::process_serde_attrs;
 pub use validation::ValidationAttrs;
 
+use crate::metadata::SchemaMetadata;
 use proc_macro2::{Group, Span, TokenStream, TokenTree};
 use quote::ToTokens;
 use serde_derive_internals::Ctxt;
@@ -53,6 +54,27 @@ impl Attrs {
         result
     }
 
+    pub fn as_metadata(&self) -> SchemaMetadata<'_> {
+        #[allow(clippy::ptr_arg)]
+        fn none_if_empty(s: &String) -> Option<&str> {
+            if s.is_empty() {
+                None
+            } else {
+                Some(s)
+            }
+        }
+
+        SchemaMetadata {
+            title: self.title.as_ref().and_then(none_if_empty),
+            description: self.description.as_ref().and_then(none_if_empty),
+            deprecated: self.deprecated,
+            examples: &self.examples,
+            read_only: false,
+            write_only: false,
+            default: None,
+        }
+    }
+
     fn populate(
         mut self,
         attrs: &[syn::Attribute],
diff --git a/schemars_derive/src/attr/validation.rs b/schemars_derive/src/attr/validation.rs
index c1f0ca7..db72f31 100644
--- a/schemars_derive/src/attr/validation.rs
+++ b/schemars_derive/src/attr/validation.rs
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ impl ValidationAttrs {
         self
     }
 
-    pub fn apply_to_schema(&self, schema_expr: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+    pub fn apply_to_schema(&self, schema_expr: &mut TokenStream) {
         let mut array_validation = Vec::new();
         let mut number_validation = Vec::new();
         let mut object_validation = Vec::new();
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ impl ValidationAttrs {
             || string_validation.is_some()
             || format.is_some()
         {
-            quote! {
+            *schema_expr = quote! {
                 {
                     let mut schema = #schema_expr;
                     if let schemars::schema::Schema::Object(schema_object) = &mut schema
@@ -214,8 +214,6 @@ impl ValidationAttrs {
                     schema
                 }
             }
-        } else {
-            schema_expr
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/schemars_derive/src/metadata.rs b/schemars_derive/src/metadata.rs
index 05e5faf..aefe243 100644
--- a/schemars_derive/src/metadata.rs
+++ b/schemars_derive/src/metadata.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-use crate::attr;
-use attr::Attrs;
 use proc_macro2::TokenStream;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -14,24 +12,10 @@ pub struct SchemaMetadata<'a> {
 }
 
 impl<'a> SchemaMetadata<'a> {
-    pub fn from_attrs(attrs: &'a Attrs) -> Self {
-        SchemaMetadata {
-            title: attrs.title.as_ref().and_then(none_if_empty),
-            description: attrs.description.as_ref().and_then(none_if_empty),
-            deprecated: attrs.deprecated,
-            examples: &attrs.examples,
-            read_only: false,
-            write_only: false,
-            default: None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn apply_to_schema(&self, schema_expr: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+    pub fn apply_to_schema(&self, schema_expr: &mut TokenStream) {
         let setters = self.make_setters();
-        if setters.is_empty() {
-            schema_expr
-        } else {
-            quote! {
+        if !setters.is_empty() {
+            *schema_expr = quote! {
                 schemars::_private::apply_metadata(#schema_expr, schemars::schema::Metadata {
                     #(#setters)*
                     ..Default::default()
@@ -91,12 +75,3 @@ impl<'a> SchemaMetadata<'a> {
         setters
     }
 }
-
-#[allow(clippy::ptr_arg)]
-fn none_if_empty(s: &String) -> Option<&str> {
-    if s.is_empty() {
-        None
-    } else {
-        Some(s)
-    }
-}
diff --git a/schemars_derive/src/schema_exprs.rs b/schemars_derive/src/schema_exprs.rs
index 68dcec6..b85e64d 100644
--- a/schemars_derive/src/schema_exprs.rs
+++ b/schemars_derive/src/schema_exprs.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use serde_derive_internals::attr::{self as serde_attr, Default as SerdeDefault,
 use syn::spanned::Spanned;
 
 pub fn expr_for_container(cont: &Container) -> TokenStream {
-    let schema_expr = match &cont.data {
+    let mut schema_expr = match &cont.data {
         Data::Struct(Style::Unit, _) => expr_for_unit_struct(),
         Data::Struct(Style::Newtype, fields) => expr_for_newtype_struct(&fields[0]),
         Data::Struct(Style::Tuple, fields) => expr_for_tuple_struct(fields),
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ pub fn expr_for_container(cont: &Container) -> TokenStream {
         Data::Enum(variants) => expr_for_enum(variants, &cont.serde_attrs),
     };
 
-    let doc_metadata = SchemaMetadata::from_attrs(&cont.attrs);
-    doc_metadata.apply_to_schema(schema_expr)
+    cont.attrs.as_metadata().apply_to_schema(&mut schema_expr);
+    schema_expr
 }
 
 pub fn expr_for_repr(cont: &Container) -> Result<TokenStream, syn::Error> {
@@ -47,13 +47,13 @@ pub fn expr_for_repr(cont: &Container) -> Result<TokenStream, syn::Error> {
     let enum_ident = &cont.ident;
     let variant_idents = variants.iter().map(|v| &v.ident);
 
-    let schema_expr = schema_object(quote! {
+    let mut schema_expr = schema_object(quote! {
         instance_type: Some(schemars::schema::InstanceType::Integer.into()),
         enum_values: Some(vec![#((#enum_ident::#variant_idents as #repr_type).into()),*]),
     });
 
-    let doc_metadata = SchemaMetadata::from_attrs(&cont.attrs);
-    Ok(doc_metadata.apply_to_schema(schema_expr))
+    cont.attrs.as_metadata().apply_to_schema(&mut schema_expr);
+    Ok(schema_expr)
 }
 
 fn expr_for_field(field: &Field, allow_ref: bool) -> TokenStream {
@@ -61,29 +61,24 @@ fn expr_for_field(field: &Field, allow_ref: bool) -> TokenStream {
     let span = field.original.span();
     let gen = quote!(gen);
 
-    let schema_expr = if field.validation_attrs.required {
+    let mut schema_expr = if field.validation_attrs.required {
         quote_spanned! {span=>
-            {
-                #type_def
-                <#ty as schemars::JsonSchema>::_schemars_private_non_optional_json_schema(#gen)
-            }
+            <#ty as schemars::JsonSchema>::_schemars_private_non_optional_json_schema(#gen)
         }
     } else if allow_ref {
         quote_spanned! {span=>
-            {
-                #type_def
-                #gen.subschema_for::<#ty>()
-            }
+            #gen.subschema_for::<#ty>()
         }
     } else {
         quote_spanned! {span=>
-            {
-                #type_def
-                <#ty as schemars::JsonSchema>::json_schema(#gen)
-            }
+            <#ty as schemars::JsonSchema>::json_schema(#gen)
         }
     };
-    field.validation_attrs.apply_to_schema(schema_expr)
+
+    prepend_type_def(type_def, &mut schema_expr);
+    field.validation_attrs.apply_to_schema(&mut schema_expr);
+
+    schema_expr
 }
 
 pub fn type_for_field_schema(field: &Field) -> (syn::Type, Option<TokenStream>) {
@@ -167,7 +162,7 @@ fn expr_for_external_tagged_enum<'a>(
         let name = variant.name();
         let sub_schema = expr_for_untagged_enum_variant(variant, deny_unknown_fields);
 
-        let schema_expr = schema_object(quote! {
+        let mut schema_expr = schema_object(quote! {
             instance_type: Some(schemars::schema::InstanceType::Object.into()),
             object: Some(Box::new(schemars::schema::ObjectValidation {
                 properties: {
@@ -184,8 +179,13 @@ fn expr_for_external_tagged_enum<'a>(
                 ..Default::default()
             })),
         });
-        let doc_metadata = SchemaMetadata::from_attrs(&variant.attrs);
-        doc_metadata.apply_to_schema(schema_expr)
+
+        variant
+            .attrs
+            .as_metadata()
+            .apply_to_schema(&mut schema_expr);
+
+        schema_expr
     }));
 
     schema_object(quote! {
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ fn expr_for_internal_tagged_enum<'a>(
             enum_values: Some(vec![#name.into()]),
         });
 
-        let tag_schema = schema_object(quote! {
+        let mut tag_schema = schema_object(quote! {
             instance_type: Some(schemars::schema::InstanceType::Object.into()),
             object: Some(Box::new(schemars::schema::ObjectValidation {
                 properties: {
@@ -224,15 +224,16 @@ fn expr_for_internal_tagged_enum<'a>(
                 ..Default::default()
             })),
         });
-        let doc_metadata = SchemaMetadata::from_attrs(&variant.attrs);
-        let tag_schema = doc_metadata.apply_to_schema(tag_schema);
 
-        match expr_for_untagged_enum_variant_for_flatten(&variant, deny_unknown_fields) {
-            Some(variant_schema) => quote! {
-                #tag_schema.flatten(#variant_schema)
-            },
-            None => tag_schema,
+        variant.attrs.as_metadata().apply_to_schema(&mut tag_schema);
+
+        if let Some(variant_schema) =
+            expr_for_untagged_enum_variant_for_flatten(&variant, deny_unknown_fields)
+        {
+            tag_schema.extend(quote!(.flatten(#variant_schema)))
         }
+
+        tag_schema
     });
 
     schema_object(quote! {
@@ -248,9 +249,14 @@ fn expr_for_untagged_enum<'a>(
     deny_unknown_fields: bool,
 ) -> TokenStream {
     let schemas = variants.map(|variant| {
-        let schema_expr = expr_for_untagged_enum_variant(variant, deny_unknown_fields);
-        let doc_metadata = SchemaMetadata::from_attrs(&variant.attrs);
-        doc_metadata.apply_to_schema(schema_expr)
+        let mut schema_expr = expr_for_untagged_enum_variant(variant, deny_unknown_fields);
+
+        variant
+            .attrs
+            .as_metadata()
+            .apply_to_schema(&mut schema_expr);
+
+        schema_expr
     });
 
     schema_object(quote! {
@@ -297,7 +303,7 @@ fn expr_for_adjacent_tagged_enum<'a>(
             TokenStream::new()
         };
 
-        let outer_schema = schema_object(quote! {
+        let mut outer_schema = schema_object(quote! {
             instance_type: Some(schemars::schema::InstanceType::Object.into()),
             object: Some(Box::new(schemars::schema::ObjectValidation {
                 properties: {
@@ -317,8 +323,12 @@ fn expr_for_adjacent_tagged_enum<'a>(
             })),
         });
 
-        let doc_metadata = SchemaMetadata::from_attrs(&variant.attrs);
-        doc_metadata.apply_to_schema(outer_schema)
+        variant
+            .attrs
+            .as_metadata()
+            .apply_to_schema(&mut outer_schema);
+
+        outer_schema
     });
 
     schema_object(quote! {
@@ -333,12 +343,12 @@ fn expr_for_untagged_enum_variant(variant: &Variant, deny_unknown_fields: bool)
     if let Some(with_attr) = &variant.attrs.with {
         let (ty, type_def) = type_for_schema(with_attr);
         let gen = quote!(gen);
-        return quote_spanned! {variant.original.span()=>
-            {
-                #type_def
-                #gen.subschema_for::<#ty>()
-            }
+        let mut schema_expr = quote_spanned! {variant.original.span()=>
+            #gen.subschema_for::<#ty>()
         };
+
+        prepend_type_def(type_def, &mut schema_expr);
+        return schema_expr;
     }
 
     match variant.style {
@@ -356,12 +366,12 @@ fn expr_for_untagged_enum_variant_for_flatten(
     if let Some(with_attr) = &variant.attrs.with {
         let (ty, type_def) = type_for_schema(with_attr);
         let gen = quote!(gen);
-        return Some(quote_spanned! {variant.original.span()=>
-            {
-                #type_def
-                <#ty as schemars::JsonSchema>::json_schema(#gen)
-            }
-        });
+        let mut schema_expr = quote_spanned! {variant.original.span()=>
+            <#ty as schemars::JsonSchema>::json_schema(#gen)
+        };
+
+        prepend_type_def(type_def, &mut schema_expr);
+        return Some(schema_expr);
     }
 
     Some(match variant.style {
@@ -429,17 +439,6 @@ fn expr_for_struct(
 
             let (ty, type_def) = type_for_field_schema(field);
 
-            let gen = quote!(gen);
-            let schema_expr = if field.validation_attrs.required {
-                quote_spanned! {ty.span()=>
-                    <#ty as schemars::JsonSchema>::_schemars_private_non_optional_json_schema(#gen)
-                }
-            } else {
-                quote_spanned! {ty.span()=>
-                    #gen.subschema_for::<#ty>()
-                }
-            };
-
             let maybe_insert_required = match (&default, field.validation_attrs.required) {
                 (Some(_), _) => TokenStream::new(),
                 (None, false) => {
@@ -458,11 +457,22 @@ fn expr_for_struct(
                 read_only: field.serde_attrs.skip_deserializing(),
                 write_only: field.serde_attrs.skip_serializing(),
                 default,
-                ..SchemaMetadata::from_attrs(&field.attrs)
+                ..field.attrs.as_metadata()
             };
 
-            let schema_expr = metadata.apply_to_schema(schema_expr);
-            let schema_expr = field.validation_attrs.apply_to_schema(schema_expr);
+            let gen = quote!(gen);
+            let mut schema_expr = if field.validation_attrs.required {
+                quote_spanned! {ty.span()=>
+                    <#ty as schemars::JsonSchema>::_schemars_private_non_optional_json_schema(#gen)
+                }
+            } else {
+                quote_spanned! {ty.span()=>
+                    #gen.subschema_for::<#ty>()
+                }
+            };
+
+            metadata.apply_to_schema(&mut schema_expr);
+            field.validation_attrs.apply_to_schema(&mut schema_expr);
 
             quote! {
                 {
@@ -486,12 +496,12 @@ fn expr_for_struct(
             };
 
             let args = quote!(gen, #required);
-            quote_spanned! {ty.span()=>
-                .flatten({
-                    #type_def
-                    schemars::_private::json_schema_for_flatten::<#ty>(#args)
-                })
-            }
+            let mut schema_expr = quote_spanned! {ty.span()=>
+                schemars::_private::json_schema_for_flatten::<#ty>(#args)
+            };
+
+            prepend_type_def(type_def, &mut schema_expr);
+            schema_expr
         })
         .collect();
 
@@ -513,7 +523,7 @@ fn expr_for_struct(
             #set_additional_properties
             #(#properties)*
             schemars::schema::Schema::Object(schema_object)
-            #(#flattens)*
+            #(.flatten(#flattens))*
         }
     }
 }
@@ -582,3 +592,14 @@ fn schema_object(properties: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
         })
     }
 }
+
+fn prepend_type_def(type_def: Option<TokenStream>, schema_expr: &mut TokenStream) {
+    if let Some(type_def) = type_def {
+        *schema_expr = quote! {
+            {
+                #type_def
+                #schema_expr
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}